Entomocomplex of Radish in Open-field Cultivation in the Central Part of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2024.1.3-8Keywords:
radish, pests, phytophagous insects, phytosanitary status, harmfulness, population densityAbstract
Goal. To specify the species composition of insect pests affecting radish (Raphanus sativus (L.) convar. radicula (Pers) Sazon.) in open-field cultivation conditions in the central part of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. The study was conducted following commonly accepted methods in entomology and vegetable growing. From 2008 to 2022, we investigated the species diversity of insects, dominant species, their abundance, and the structure of the harmful entomocomplex in radish crops grown in open-field conditions on household plots and farms in the Cherkasy region.
Results. In the entomological complex of radish, 59 species of phytophagous insects from 20 families and 8 orders were identified: Coleoptera — 29%, Lepidoptera — 27%, Homoptera — 15%, Diptera — 10%, Orthoptera — 9%, Thysanoptera — 5%, Hemiptera — 3%, Hymenoptera — 2%. Sixteen dominant species of phytophagous insects were found in radish crops, including diamondback moth (Plutella maculipennis Curt.), crucifer flea beetles (Phyllotreta cruciferae Goeze), striped flea beetle (Phyllotreta undulata Kutsch.), cabbage white butterfly (Pieris brassicae L.), turnip moth (Agrotis segetum Denis&Schiff.) and owlet moth (Lacanobia oleracea L.), crucifer shield bug (Eurydema ventralis Kol.), cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.), spring root maggot (Delia brassicae Bouche) and summer root maggot (Delia floralis Fallen), seedcorn maggot (Delia platura Mg.), sawfly (Athalia rosae L.), stem weevil (Ceutorrhynchus quadridens Panz.), tobacco thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), turnip sawfly (Entomoscelis adonidis Pallas), and crucifer webworm (Evergestis extimalis Scop.). Through multi-year studies, the periods of insect damage corresponding to radish developmental stages were determined. The most critical damage to radish plants by harmful insects occurred during the initial stages of development (ВВСН 0—9) and from emergence to the growth and formation of the root crop (BBCH 42—48).
Conclusions. It was found that among the identified phytophagous insects in radish crops, the most economically significant damage was caused by the cabbage aphid, crucifer flea beetles, striped flea beetle, spring cabbage fly, and seedcorn maggot. On average over the research period (2008—2022), the largest areas of radish crops were infested by the diamondback moth, crucifer flea beetles, and striped flea beetle, cabbage white butterfly, winter and owlet moths, cabbage shield bug, and cabbage aphid, ranging from 5% to 80%, reaching a maximum in some years up to 60—100% of the area.
References
2. Bommarco R., Miranda F., Bylund H., Björkman C. (2011). Insecticides suppress natural enemies and increase pest damage in cabbage. J. Econ Entomol, 104(3), 782–791. doi: 10.1603/ec10444
3. Raven P.H., Wagner D.L. (2021) Agricultural intensification and climate change are rapidly decreasing insect biodiversity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118, e2002548117. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2002548117
4. Mostoviak I.I., Demianiuk O.S. (2020). Chynnyky destabilizatsii fitosanitarnoho stanu ahrotsenoziv zernovykh kultur Tsentralnoho Lisostepu Ukrainy. [Factors of destabilization of the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses of grain crops in the Central Forest Steppe of Ukraine]. Zbalansovane pryrodokorystuvannia, [Balanced nature using], 2, 7384. doi: 10.33730/2310-4678.2.2020.208812. (in Ukrainian).
5. Lugtenberg B. (2015). Introduction to Plant-Microbe Interactions. In: Lugtenberg, B. (Еds) Principles of Plant-Microbe Interactions. Springer, Cham. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-08575-3_1
6. Dhaliwal G.S., Vikas J., Bharathi M. (2015). Crop Losses due to insect pests: Global and Indian Scenario. Indian Journal of Entomology, 77(2), 165. doi: 10.5958/0974-8172.2015.00033.4
7. Sharma S., Kooner R., Arora R. (Arora R., Sandhu S. Eds.) (2017). Insect Pests and Crop Losses. Breeding Insect Resistant Crops for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6056-4_2
8. Kumari M., Verma S., Shweta S. (2018). Climate change and vegetable crops cultivation: A review. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 88(2), 167174. doi: 10.56093/ijas.v88i2.79158
9. Sánchez-Bayo F. (2021). Indirect Effect of Pesticides on Insects and Other Arthropods. Toxics, 9(8), 177. doi: 10.3390/toxics9080177
10. Trybel S.O., Siharova D.D., Sekun M.P. ta in. (Trybel S.O. Ed.). (2001). Metodyka vyprobuvannia i zastosuvannia pestytsydiv. [Methodology of testing and application of pesticides]. Kyiv. Svit. 448 s. (in Ukrainian).
11. Omeliuta V.P., Hryhorovych I.V., Chaban V.S. ta in. (1986). Oblik shkidnykiv i khvorob silskohospodarskykh kultur. [Accounting for pests and diseases of crops]. Kyiv: Urozhaj. 292 s. (in Ukrainian).
12. Litvinov B.M., Yevtushenko M.D., Biletskyi Ye.M. ta in. (Litvinov B.M., Yevtushenko M.D. Eds.). (2005). Silskohospodarska entomolohiia. [Agricultural entomology]. Kyiv: Vyshcha osvita. 508 s. (in Ukrainian).
13. Litvinov B.M. (Ed.). (2009). Praktykum iz silskohospodarskoi entomolohii. Navchalnyi posibnyk. [Workshop on Agricultural Entomology: Textbook]. Kyiv: Ahrarna osvitа. 301 s. (in Ukrainian).
14. Shchetina S.V. (2023). Dominuiuchi vydy shkidnykiv redysky (Raphanus sativus L. convar. radicula Pers Sazon.) u Pravoberezhnomu Lisostepu Ukrainy. [Dominant species of radish (Raphanus sativus L. convar. radicula Pers Sazon.) pests in the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine]. Ahroekolohichnyi zhurnal. [Agroecological journal], 4, 149157. doi: https://doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.4.2023.293786. (in Ukrainian).
15. Lyaschenko A.V. (2014). Kapustiana popelytsia (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) na posivakh kapusty biloholovoi piznikh strokiv dostyhannia v Lisostepu Ukrainy. [Cabbage aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) on crops of cabbage of late varieties ripening in Forest]. Zakhyst i karantyn roslyn, [Protection and quarantine of plants], 60, 211219. (in Ukrainian).
16. Williams I.H. (2010). The Major Insect Pests of Oilseed Rape in Europe and Their Management: An Overview. In: Williams, I. (eds) Biocontrol-Based Integrated Management of Oilseed Rape Pests. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3983-5_1
17. Zheng X., Koopmann B., Ulber B., von Tiedemann A. (2020). A Global Survey on Diseases and Pests in Oilseed Rape - Current Challenges and Innovative Strategies of Control. Front. Agron, 2, 590908. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2020.590908
18. Makukha O.V. (2020). Systema fitosanitarnoho monitorynhu shkidnykiv ripaku ozymoho v umovakh pivdnia Ukrainy. [The system of phytosanitary monitoring of winter rapeseed pests in southern Ukraine]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk, [Tavri Scientific Bulletin], 114, 6977. doi: https://doi.org/10.32851/2226-0099.2020.114.10 (in Ukrainian).
