Testing of preparations for protection of grain crops from pests in the Steppe of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2025.1.34-37Keywords:
corn, sorghum, pests, pesticides, growth regulators, crop protection, yield, efficiencyAbstract
Goal. To determine the agroeconomic efficiency of the system of maize and sorghum protection against major phytophages by preparations of different spectrum of action in the northern Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field — records of pests and crop yields in accordance with generally accepted methods; calculation — determination of technical (biological) and economic efficiency of preparations and their mixtures; mathematical and statistical — assessment of the reliability of research results.
Results. An increase in the harmfulness of the larvae of the May bug was recorded with the extension of the «sowing-germination» period from 10—12 (2019) to 20—23 days (2020) and the relative mortality rates of corn and sorghum seedlings were given. The indirect restraining effect of growth regulators on the aggressiveness of Swedish fly caterpillars was established. The best tank mixture of products for pre-sowing seed treatment (insecticide Cruiser 350 FS (thiamethoxam — 350 g/l) + fungicide Maxim XL 035 FS (fludioxonil — 25 g/l + metalaxyl — 10 g/l) + growth regulator Vermystym D, a.s.), as well as a preparation for vegetative spraying of crops (insecticide Karate Zeon 050 CS (lambda-cyhalothrin — 50 g/l)) were identified. The technical and agroeconomic efficiency of different formulations in the system of combined plant protection against soil and terrestrial phytophages was determined.
Conclusions. Regardless of the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season, in the line of products for seed toxicity, the tank mixture of preparations of different functional directions — Cruiser 350 FS, Maxim XL 035 FS, Vermystym D — had an advantage in terms of technical efficiency, yield and profitability of grain production. For the treatment of the stem, from the point of view of the profitability of growing corn and sorghum, it was more expedient to apply Karate Zeon 050 CS (0.2 l/ha) autonomously. The best results were obtained with a combined plant protection system that combines seed dressing and vegetative spraying of crops with these products.
References
Dudka M.I., Yakunin O.P. (2023). Formuvannya vrozhaynosti zerna kukurudzy zalezhno vid sposobu sivby ta hustoty stoyannya roslyn v pivnichnomu Stepu Ukrayiny. [Formation of corn yield depending on the method of sowing and density of plants in the northern Steppe of Ukraine]. Zernovi kultury, 7(1), 76–84. URL: https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0261 (in Ukrainian).
Fedorchuk M.I., Kokovikhin S.V., Kalenska S.M. (2017). Naukovo-teoretychni zasady ta praktychni aspekty formuvannia ekolohobezpechnykh tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia ta pererobky sorho v stepovii zoni Ukrainy: monohrafiia. [Scientific and theoretical principles and practical aspects of the formation of environmentally safe technologies for growing and processing sorghum in the steppe zone of Ukraine: monograph]. Kherson: FOP Boiarkin D. M., 208 p. (in Ukrainian).
Sayko V. F. (2011). Naukovi osnovy stiykoho zemlerobstva v Ukrayini. [Scientific basis for sustainable agriculture in Ukraine]. Visn. ahrar. Nauky, (1), 5–12. (in Ukrainian).
Kaminskyy V. F., Asanishvili N. M. (2020). Ekonomichna efektyvnist tekhnolohiy vyroshchuvannya kukurudzy riznoho rivnya intensyvnosti. [Economic efficiency of corn cultivation technologies of different intensity levels]. Visnyk ahrarnoyi nauky Prychornomor’ya, (3), 27–34. URL: https://doi.org/10.31521/2313-092X/2020-3(107)-4 (in Ukrainian).
Fedorenko A.V. (2024). Sezonna dynamika chyselnosti zlakovykh popelyts. [Seasonal dynamics of the number of cereal aphids]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn. [Quarantine and Plant Protection], (2), 41–45. URL: https://doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2023.1.21-26 (in Ukrainian).
Liaska Yu.M. (2023). Tekhnichna efektyvnist insektytsydiv proty husenyts Helicoverpa armigera Hubner, u posivakh kukurudzy. [Technical efficacy of insecticides against Helicoverpa armigera Hubner caterpillars, in maize crops]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn. [Quarantine and Plant Protection], (1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2023.1.21-26 (in Ukrainian).
Krut M. V. Ohliad innovatsiinykh rozrobok z naukovoho zabezpechennia selektsii roslyn na stiikist do khvorob i shkidnykiv. [Review of innovative developments in the scientific provision of plant breeding for resistance to diseases and pests]. Zernovi kultury, 5 (1), 23–29. URL: https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0154 (in Ukrainian).
Voloshchuk I.S., Voloshchuk O.P., Hlyva V.V., Pashchak M.O. (2022). Ekonomichna efektyvnist vyrobnytstva zerna kukurudzy za riznykh ahrotekhnichnykh zakhodiv vyroshchuvannia. [Economic efficiency of corn production under various agrotechnical measures of cultivation]. Zernovi kultury, 6 (1), 148–159. URL: https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0218 (in Ukrainian).
Ushkarenko V.O., Vozhehova R.A. (2024). Metodyka polovoho doslidu: navchalnyi posibnyk. [Methods of field research: textbook]. Odesa: Oldi Plius, 448 p. (in Ukrainian).
Trybel S.O., Siharova D.D., Sekun M.P., Ivashchenko O.O. (2001). Metodyka vyprobuvannya i zastosuvannya pestytsydiv. [Method of testing and application of pesticides]. Kyiv: Svit, 448 p. (in Ukrainian).
Cherenkov A.V. Rybka V.S. et al. (Eds.) (2017). Normatyvno-metodychnyi dovidnyk po obgruntuvanniu vyrobnychykh zatrat v zernovomu hospodarstvi Stepu Ukrainy. [Normative-methodical reference book on substantiation of production costs in the grain economy of the Steppe of Ukraine]. Dnipro: SI Instytut zernovykh kultur NAAN Ukrainy, 243 p. (in Ukrainian).
Kompaniiets V.O., Liashenko N.O., Kramarov O.S. et al. (2019). Normatyvy optymalnykh trudovykh, hroshovo-materialnykh ta enerhetychnykh vytrat na vyroshchuvannia osnovnykh vydiv zernovykh kultur. [Standards of optimal labor, monetary and energy costs for the cultivation of the main types of grain crops.]. Dnipro: SI Institute of Grain Crops NAAS of Ukraine, 32 p. (in Ukrainian).
